Orienteering is a running navigation sport, where participants use a detailed map to visit a series of check-points (controls) as quickly as possible. The route is unmarked, and runners are free to choose their own way between check points.
Top competitors are highly-trained athletes, capable of racing at high speed through rough forested terrain. Besides specific navigation-technique and terrain exercises, orienteers generally train like long-distance runners.
orienteering races can be any length, but these are the most popular (by winning time):
Top runners' pace averages around 5 min/km in the forest but can be as quick as 3-4 min/km in sprint events, where there is often more running on faster surfaces like grass, trails, and roads.